HFMD
Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD): A Guide for Parents
If you’re searching for a paediatrician in Durban or a pediatrician near me in Durban, I am Dr. Thabile Gcaba, a specialist paediatrician with over a decade of experience in child healthcare. I am here to provide expert guidance on common childhood illnesses like hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD). Below, I answer frequently asked questions about this viral infection to help you understand and manage it effectively.
1. What is Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD)?
HFMD is a common viral infection that primarily affects infants and young children. It is caused by enteroviruses and often spreads in daycare centers and schools, especially during the warmer months of summer and autumn.
2.Who is at Risk of HFMD?
Children under the age of 10 are most vulnerable to HFMD. While it is rare in adults, individuals with weakened immune systems may also be susceptible.
3. How Common is HFMD in South Africa?
HFMD can occur anywhere in South Africa, but outbreaks are most frequently reported in daycare centers, crèches, and schools where young children are in close contact.
4. How Does HFMD Spread?
HFMD spreads through:
Direct contact with an infected person’s saliva, nasal secretions, or blister fluid Contaminated objects such as toys, eating utensils, and stationery Contact with faeces of an infected person
5. Can Animals Get HFMD?
No, HFMD is a human disease and should not be confused with foot-and-mouth disease, which affects animals like cattle and sheep.
6. What Are the Symptoms of HFMD?
Symptoms typically appear 3 to 7 days after exposure and last 7 to 10 days. Common signs include:
- Fever
- Sore throat
- Fatigue and loss of appetite
- Small, painful blisters inside the mouth, on the tongue, hands, and feet
7. How is HFMD Diagnosed?
HFMD is usually diagnosed based on clinical symptoms. In severe cases, laboratory tests on throat swabs or stool samples may be conducted.
8. How is HFMD Treated?
- Pain and fever can be managed with over-the-counter medication
- Keeping hydrated is essential—offer plenty of fluids
- Rest is recommended to speed up recovery Most cases resolve on their own within 7 to 10 days. Severe cases requiring hospitalization are rare.
9. How Can HFMD Be Prevented?
Good hygiene practices are key to preventing HFMD:
- Wash hands regularly with soap and water
- Avoid sharing eating utensils, cups, and toothbrushes
- Clean and disinfect frequently touched surfaces, toys, and stationery
- Keep sick children at home if they have a fever or severe symptoms, but mild cases do not require exclusion from school.
10. Where Can I Learn More About HFMD?
For additional information, visit:
NICD Disease Index: https://www.nicd.ac.za/diseases-a-z-index/hand-foot-and-mouth-disease/
WHO Guide to HFMD: https://iris.who.int/handle/10665/207490
For Healthcare Workers: Call the NICD Hotline at 0800 212 552
For appointments or more information about pediatric care, please
contact my practice.
Let’s work together to give your child the best beginning.
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